Co-Occurring Disorders: When Mental Health and Addiction Collide

It’s overwhelming to battle mental health disorder and substance use disorder at the same time. For many of those affected, dealing with these issues make recovery even more complicated. It’s about finding the right balance between their treatment and their mental health. These two conditions feed off of each other, thus making recovery without dealing with the whole picture somewhat more difficult.

That’s what treating addiction and mental health is really like. Messy. Unpredictable. Sometimes beautiful, often heartbreaking.

This is the reality of co-occurring disorders; once someone understands the condition, change can occur and become meaningful, and there are treatments available to help.

When Your Brain Fights Itself

Co-occurring disorders, sometimes referred to as dual diagnoses or comorbid disorders, encompass a wide range of conditions. It’s a broad umbrella, sheltering combinations like depression and alcohol addiction, anxiety disorders and prescription drug misuse, PTSD and memory loss tangled up with substance abuse, bipolar disorder with stimulant addiction, or even schizophrenia co-occurring with polysubstance use.

The relationship between substance use and mental health disorders is often a twisted dance, a tango of despair. One partner leads, then the other, each taking turns exacerbating the other. For instance, someone with an anxiety disorder might turn to substance abuse as a misguided attempt to quiet their inner turmoil, which in turn can worsen their anxiety symptoms, creating a suffocating spiral.

Most folks come to us thinking they just need to quit drinking, or just need something for their depression. Then we find out it’s both. Always been both.

Take Lisa. She’s a smart woman, and runs her own business. She started drinking to handle panic attacks. In the end, she had worse panic attacks plus a drinking problem. That’s dual diagnosis in real life – one problem feeding the other until you can’t tell where one ends and the other begins.

The Causes and Risk Factors

Several factors contribute to the development of co-occurring disorders. It’s like a perfect storm of vulnerability:

Genetic Predisposition

Some people are simply more prone to developing co-occurring disorders because of their genetics. If addiction or mental health disorders run in your family, you might be at a higher risk. Your genes can influence how you respond to substances and how vulnerable you are to conditions like depression or anxiety.

Environmental Factors

Your environment also plays a huge role. Growing up in a household where substance use was common, or experiencing unstable environments filled with stress, can increase the risk of developing both mental health disorders and substance use disorders. It’s hard to break the cycle when you’re surrounded by it.

Trauma and Stress

Trauma is often a driving force behind co-occurring disorders, especially when it comes to conditions like PTSD. If you’ve been through something traumatic, the mind often seeks relief, and for many, that comes in the form of drugs or alcohol. Unfortunately, while substances may offer short-term relief, they usually end up making things worse over time.

Neurobiological Factors

Brain chemistry also plays a role. People with mental health disorders often have imbalances in brain chemicals that affect mood, anxiety, and stress. When substances enter the mix, they alter the brain’s natural balance even further, which can deepen both the mental health disorder and the addiction.

Common Co-Occurring Disorders

Some common combinations of co-occurring disorders include:

1. Depression and Substance Use Disorder

Depression and substance use disorder often go hand in hand. For many, alcohol or drugs provide a temporary escape from feelings of sadness or hopelessness. But over time, these substances can make depression worse, and dependency grows.

2. Anxiety Disorders and Addiction

With anxiety disorders, people often turn to substances like alcohol, prescription pills, or marijuana to calm their nerves. While this might provide some immediate relief, it’s a quick fix that often leads to more anxiety in the long run, as the body becomes dependent on substances to regulate emotions.

3. PTSD and Substance Abuse

People with PTSD often struggle with substance abuse as they try to numb the pain of their traumatic experiences. Whether it’s alcohol, drugs, or prescription medication, substance use might seem like a way to forget, but it only makes the PTSD symptoms more difficult to handle.

4. Bipolar Disorder and Addiction

With bipolar disorder, the emotional highs and lows can lead to substance abuse as people seek relief from the intense mood swings. In manic states, people may use substances to fuel their energy, while in depressive states, they may turn to alcohol or drugs for comfort.

5. Schizophrenia and Substance Use

For individuals with schizophrenia, substance use often feels like a way to cope with the overwhelming symptoms of their disorder. Unfortunately, this combination can make symptoms worse and lead to more frequent hospitalizations.

Integrated Treatment Approaches: The Power of Holistic Care

Integrated treatment, addressing both mental health and substance use disorders simultaneously, is crucial for effective recovery. It’s like treating the whole person, not just the symptoms. This approach recognizes the interconnectedness of the disorders and provides comprehensive care that targets both conditions.

Evidence-based therapies, such as Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), are often used to help individuals develop coping skills, manage cravings, and address underlying issues. It’s like learning a new set of tools to navigate life’s challenges.

Medication-assisted treatment (MAT) may also be used to manage withdrawal symptoms, reduce cravings, or address co-occurring mental health conditions. It’s like providing support while the body and mind heal.

Holistic and complementary treatments, such as mindfulness practices, yoga, or art therapy, can further support recovery and overall well-being. It’s like nurturing the soul and fostering a sense of inner peace.

The Role of Support Systems: Building a Circle of Strength

Strong support systems are essential for individuals with co-occurring disorders. It’s like having a lifeline in a stormy sea.

Family involvement in therapy can help improve communication, increase understanding, and strengthen relationships. It’s like mending broken bridges and building a stronger foundation for the future.

Peer support groups provide a safe space for individuals to share their experiences, connect with others, and gain support on their recovery journey. It’s like finding a tribe of people who understand your struggles and can offer encouragement and guidance.

Community resources, such as mental health centers, addiction treatment facilities, and support organizations, can also offer valuable assistance. It’s like having a map to navigate the complex world of recovery.

Recovery and Long-Term Management

Recovery from co-occurring disorders is an ongoing process that requires commitment, support, and self-care. It’s like climbing a mountain – it takes:

Relapse Prevention Strategies

Recovery is a long journey, and relapse prevention strategies are crucial for staying on track. This includes recognizing triggers, developing strong coping mechanisms, and having a support network in place.

Lifestyle Changes

Maintaining recovery often requires making significant lifestyle changes, such as improving diet, exercise, and stress management. These changes help support both mental health and addiction recovery, creating a foundation for long-term success.

Ongoing Support and Aftercare

Even after treatment, ongoing support is essential. Continuum of care for co-occurring disorders means having access to therapy, peer support, and aftercare programs to prevent relapse and support lifelong recovery..

Moving Forward

Co-occurring disorders are complex, but recovery is possible with the right care. Integrated treatment, support systems, and a commitment to long-term management can make all the difference. If you or someone you love is struggling with both mental health issues and substance use, there’s hope. 

Reaching out for help is the first step toward reclaiming your life. We at Skypoint Recovery are experienced in dealing with co-occurring disorders. Call us at 855-612-3488 or fill out our confidential form. You should not be going through this alone.